Flexion means bending of a part or decreasing the angle between body parts.
Extension means straightening a part or increasing the angle between body parts.
Adduction means moving toward the median plane of the body in the coronal plane. In the digits (fingers and toes), adduction refers to drawing them together.
Abduction means moving away from the median plane of the body in the coronal plane. In the digits (fingers and toes), abduction means spreading them.
Rotation means moving a part of the body around its long axis.
Medial rotation means turning the anterior surface medially.
Lateral rotation means turning the anterior surface laterally.
Pronation is a medial rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces posteriorly.
Supination is a lateral rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm faces anteriorly, as in the anatomical position.
Eversion means turning sole of foot outward.
Dorsiflexsion means decreasing the angle of the ankle joint.
Plantarflexion means increasing the angle of the ankle joint.
Circumduction is the circular movement of the limbs, or parts of them, combining in sequence the movement of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
Protrusion (protraction) means to move the jaw anteriorly.
Retrusion (retraction) means to move the jaw posteriorly.
